This special issue, which is largely based on the workshop organized by the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, contains 9 papers on the sustainable management of phosphorus (P) in Australian farms. Topics covered include: improving the P efficiency of organic farming without inputs of soluble P fertilizers; P management on extensive organic and low-input farms; options for increasing the biological cycling of P in low-input and organic agricultural systems; plant mechanisms to optimize access to soil P; the potential to improve root access to P and the role of non-symbiotic microbial inoculants in the rhizosphere; new fertilizer options for managing P for organic and low-input farming systems; agronomic management options for P in Australian dryland organic and low-input cropping systems; P uptake in faba bean, field pea, and maize cultivars from different sources; and improving plant uptake of soil P, and reducing dependency on input of P fertilizer.