During 50 years (1957-2007), as part of NARDI Fundulea, Romania, studies and research on producing high quality seed, in small grains were performed. These investigations had as aim to improve the methodology and technology used in winter wheat and barley seed multiplication. Research regarding the variability of some traits in winter wheat and barley varieties during different periods, allowed their morphological and physiological characterization useful to maintain initial biological value of varieties during seed multiplication. Based on these studies, the seed multiplication schedule in small grains was established. Study regarding the influence of different seed biological categories on yielding capacity emphasized the fact that, during their multiplication, there is a slightly descendant tendency of this ability, but the yield diminutions became significant starting with the fourth multiplication of basic seed. The wheat crop fertilization under dryland and irrigation, with different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers demonstrated that, under both conditions, the application of some optimum rates favourably influenced the obtainment of seeds which lead to the yield increasing in the first year vs. fertilization with reduced rates. Harvesting of wheat and barley seed trials in three different stages (wax ripeness, full maturity and overmaturation) emphasized the fact that, the harvesting in optimum time (about 15% seed moisture) ensures the highest seed yields with superior quality indices. Study regarding the increasing of seed multiplication coefficient of new wheat and barley varieties to rapidly extend them into production emphasized the fact that, by using some reduced seed rates at sowing (about 25% of optimum seed rate), in the first two years after their registration, the seed multiplication coefficient increases from 1:20 to 1:80, four times respectively. Thus, the time for their extension into production could be reduced with two years minimum, with favourable economical effects.
