Site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), as developed through more than a decade of research with rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in Asia, now provides scientific principles on nutrient best management practices for rice, maize ( Zea mays L.), and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in Asia. These scientific principles of SSNM enable the pre-season determination of crop needs for fertilizer nitrogen (N), the within-season distribution of fertilizer N to meet crop needs, and the pre-season determination of fertilizer phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates to match crop needs and sustain soil fertility. Fertilizer best management for each cereal crop is tailored to field-specific conditions for crop yield, crop residue management, historical fertilizer use, use of organic materials, and nutrient inputs through irrigation water. The widespread uptake by farmers of improved nutrient management requires transforming science-based information into locally adapted tools that enable extension workers, crop advisors, and farmers to rapidly develop and implement best management practices for specific fields and growing conditions. These tools that use information technology and other means for technology dissemination include decision support software, videos, quick guides for fertilizing rice, and the leaf color chart (LCC) for managing fertilizer N.
