Based on the statistical data of crop yields, cropland areas and agricultural inputs in the period from 2001 to 2010, the amounts of carbon absorption and emission of the farmland ecosystems in Dezhou were calculated, and the spatial-temporal variations and impact factors of carbon absorption and emission were analyzed. Carbon absorption of farmland ecosystem in Dezhou showed a trend from 2001-2010 and the carbon absorption of wheat, corn as the main food crops was significantly higher than other crops. The carbon emission showed the change of the increases after first reduces in Dezhou from 2001 to 2010. As the different the direction of agricultural development and the development characteristics in different counties there were different carbon emission; the carbon emission of chemical fertilizer was a larger proportion and a decreasing trend in the five ways of carbon emissions; carbon absorption was far greater than the amount of carbon emissions in Dezhou from 2001 to 2010 and there were a strong carbon sink of the farmland ecosystem. The correlation analysis results showed that carbon absorption was significantly positive correlated with the yields of wheat, corn and cotton. Significant positive correlations were observed between carbon emission and agrochemical inputs, power and fuels consumption, and cultivation and irrigation management.
