The socioeconomic determinants of soil conservation practices among small holder farmers in Delta State of Nigeria, were studied. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, budgetary and logit regression technique were employed as analytical tools to achieve the study objectives. Mulching was most common soil conservation practice in use while cover cropping was least in use. Crop rotation however, earned the highest net return while inorganic fertilizer earned least. The coefficients of correlation indicated that there were no exact linear relationships among the study variables. Results from logistic regression analysis showed that the level of education, farm size, mode of farmland acquisition, total farm returns and hired labour were statistically significant in explaining the probability of respondents' choice of soil conservation practices. These variables need be critically considered by policy makers when introducing or deciding on any new soil conservation practice. Extension education will, however, serve to guide farmers on the appropriate combination of conservation practices that could help derive the full synergistic benefits from their use. Adequate and timely supply of inorganic fertilizer would also assist respondents in the continuous use of their farmland for enhanced food production.
