Objective: The research was conducted on some keys factors which affect the planting effectiveness of cotton-melon interplanting in order to provide theoretical basis for improvement of the planting technique. Method: This study was carried out to investigate the irrigation and fertilization of cotton and melon, the main diseases, yield and quality of the melon, when intercropping of cotton and melon, compared with the common planting ways of cotton and melon. Result: Intergrowth contradictory between crops is little in cotton-melon Interplanting model, the powdery mildew of melon is less than that of melon of common planting way, while the downy mildew is more serious than melon of common planting way. A unit Hectare produced 3 888 kg cotton, 29 670 kg melon fruit with over 90% commodity rate. Conclusion: The Cotton-melon interplanting model obviously increased yield and income of unit field, which indicates that cotton-melon interplanting is helpful for increasing production and output value in a limited field in Kashgar.
