The paper presents the harmful organisms which attacked the field crops in 2004. It is emphasized the occurrence and spreading of the most important pathogens and harmful insects in cereals, grain legumes, industrial and fodder crops as well as their role on yield quality and quantity. In Romania, the most important issues of plant protection in 2004, by the economic impact and applied chemical measures were those determined by the following pathogens and harmful insects. The soil and seed pathogens were: Tilletia spp., Fusarium spp. in wheat; Ustilago nuda [ U. segetum var. nuda], Pyrenophora graminea in barley; Pythium spp., Fusarium spp. in maize; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Plasmopara helianthi [ Plasmopara halstedii], Orobanche cumana in sunflower; Fusarium spp., Pythium spp. in pea, beans and soyabean foliar and ear diseases were: Erysiphe spp., Septoria spp., Pyrenophora graminea, Puccinia spp., Fusarium spp. in wheat and barley; Ustilago maydis [ Ustilago zeae], Helminthosporium turcicum [ Setosphaeria turcica], Fusarium spp., Nigrospora oryzae [ Khuskia oryzae] in maize; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria spp., Phomopsis spp. in sunflower; Erysiphe spp., Septoria spp. in rape. The soil pests were: Zabrus tenebrioides, Agriotes spp. in spiked cereals; Tanymecus dilaticollis, Agriotes spp. in maize and sunflower; Delia platura in beans; Phyllotreta atra in rape and mustard; Aphthona euphorbiae in linseed; Sitona spp., Agriotes spp. in lucerne and clover. The pests which attack aerial part of plants and seeds were: Eurygaster integriceps, Lema melanopa [ Oulema melanopus], Anisoplia spp. in wheat, barley and oats; Ostrinia nubilalis, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera in maize; Thrips linarius in linseed; Athalia rosae, Meligethes aeneus, Brevicoryne brassicae in rape and mustard; Hypera variabilis [ Hypera postica], Semiothisa clathrata [ Chiasmia clathrata], Bruchophagus roddi, Subcoccinella 24- punctata in lucerne and clover. Based on evaluation of the attack potential of these harmful organisms in 2004, the potential for the future manifestation was also estimated.
