- Authors:
- Source: Mezhdunarodnyi Sel'skokhozyaistvennyi Zhurnal
- Issue: 5
- Year: 2001
- Summary: Field trials were carried out at 2 sites in Russia to assess the effectiveness of rape as a weed-removing crop in different rotations. Rotations were fallow-wheat-barley-maize-wheat, and vetch-oat mixture and rape-wheat-barley-maize-wheat, with a control involving pure fallow. The degree of weediness (number of weeds/m 2) and species composition of weeds in young crops of wheat and barley was assessed twice (at tillering stage and before harvest). Before harvesting, weed mass was also assessed and the numbers of weed seeds in soil samples were determined. The substitution of rape crops for fallow in rotations resulted in significant reductions in weed numbers and weed seeds in soil. It is concluded that rape is effective in reducing levels of weeds in young crops and soils, even when minimal or no soil preparation is carried out.
- Authors:
- Source: Agrokhimiya
- Issue: 5
- Year: 2001
- Summary: Studies have been made since 1985 on ways of improving the effectiveness of N fertilizers on non-gleyed and weakly gleyed podzolic soils, either undrained or with tile drains, in the Komi Republic (NE part of the Russian continental plateau). On this basis recommendations are made on land improvement by drainage, and on the optimum doses, application times and ways of covering the N fertilizers. These measures will improve crop productivity for annual ryegrass, potatoes, and mixtures (peas/oats, ryegrass/peas, ryegrass/barley, ryegrass/rape).
- Authors:
- Source: Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo
- Issue: 1
- Year: 2000
- Summary: In Russia, strips of shelter plants are sometimes grown between the rows of strawberries, so that at the end of the growing season the first frosts will kill off the tops of these plants which then fall and cover the strawberry plants like a mulch, and help to retain a protective snow cover through the winter. An account is given of the performance of oats, barley, rape, and mustard sown as shelter plants between the rows of Redgauntlet strawberries, with details of the snow accumulation and of the strawberry yields. The shelter plants did depress the growth of the strawberry plants somewhat, but had little or no effect on fruit yields, and also significantly reduced weed growth.
- Authors:
- Parton, W. J.
- Mueller, T.
- Molina, J. A. E.
- Li, C.
- Komarov, A. S.
- Klein-Gunnewiek, H.
- Kelly, R. H.
- Jensen, L. S.
- Jenkinson, D. S.
- Frolking, S.
- Franko, U.
- Coleman, K.
- Chertov, O. G.
- Arah, J. R. M.
- McGill, W. B.
- Powlson, D. S.
- Smith, J. U.
- Smith, P.
- Thornley, J. H. M.
- Whitmore, A. P.
- Source: Geoderma
- Volume: 81
- Issue: 1-2
- Year: 1997
- Summary: Nine soil organic models were evaluated using twelve datasets from seven long-term experiments. Datasets represented three different land-uses (grassland, arable cropping and woodland) and a range of climatic conditions within the temperate region. Different treatments (inorganic fertilizer, organic manures and different rotations) at the same site allowed the effects of differing land management to be explored. Model simulations were evaluated against the measured data and the performance of the models was compared both qualitatively and quantitatively. Not all models were able to simulate all datasets; only four attempted all. No one model performed better than all others across all datasets. The performance of each model in simulating each dataset is discussed. A comparison of the overall performance of models across all datasets reveals that the model errors of one group of models (RothC, CANDY, DNDC, CENTURY, DAISY and NCSOIL) did not differ significantly from each other. Another group (SOMM, ITE and Verberne) did not differ significantly from each other but showed significantly larger model errors than did models in the first group. Possible reasons for differences in model performance are discussed in detail.
