- Authors:
- Kadziuliene, Z.
- Deveikyte, I.
- Sarunaite, L.
- Source: ZEMDIRBYSTE-AGRICULTURE
- Volume: 97
- Issue: 3
- Year: 2010
- Summary: The aim of the three-year study was to determine the impact of intercropping spring wheat with grain legumes on yield performance and stability, nitrogen use, weed control and grain quality. The experiment was carried out during 2007-2009 on a loamy Endocalcari-Epihypogleyic Cambisol ( CMg-p-w-can) in Dotnuva (55degrees24′N). Grain legumes: field pea ( Pisum sativum L.), lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius L.), bean ( Vicia faba L.), vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) and spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) were sown as intercrops and sole crops and were grown organically for grain. The productivity of spring wheat sole crop or intercrops depended on the species of grain legume, however, the results varied over the experimental years. In 2007, the vetch and wheat intercrop produced a significantly higher grain yield than wheat in sole crop or in the other intercrops. In 2008, no advantages of legume and wheat intercrops were revealed. In 2009, the yield of sole legume crops was lower compared with the total wheat and legume intercrops. The concentration of crude protein was higher in grain yield, when spring wheat had been grown in intercrops. Vetch exhibited the best suppressing ability on weeds compared to all other grain legumes investigated. The total weed mass in spring wheat intercrops with grain legume was lower compared to that in the sole crops.
- Authors:
- Lemarchand, E.
- Rouault, F.
- Jumel, S.
- Schoeny, A.
- Tivoli, B.
- Source: European Journal of Plant Pathology
- Volume: 126
- Issue: 3
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Field experiments were conducted in western France for two consecutive years to investigate the effect of pea-cereal intercropping on ascochyta blight, a major constraint of field pea production world-wide. Disease pressure was variable in the experiments. Intercropping had almost no effect on disease development on stipules regardless of disease pressure. In contrast, disease severity on pods and stems was substantially reduced in the pea-cereal intercrop compared to the pea monocrop when the epidemic was moderate to severe. Therefore, a pea-cereal intercrop could potentially limit direct yield loss and reduce the quantity of primary inoculum available for subsequent pea crops. Disease reduction was partially explained by a modification of the microclimate within the intercrop canopy, in particular, a reduction in leaf wetness duration during and after flowering. The effect of intercropping on splash dispersal of conidia was investigated under controlled conditions using a rainfall simulator. Total dispersal was reduced by 39 to 78% in pea-wheat canopies compared to pea canopies. These reductions were explained by a reduction in host plant density and a barrier or relay effect of the non-host plants.
- Authors:
- Wu, Z.
- Yu, T.
- Song, F.
- Zhuoremu, T.
- Shi, Y.
- Hadier, Y.
- Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
- Volume: 47
- Issue: 5
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Objective: The microclimatic factors in different jujube-wheat intercropping densities (3 m * 4 m, 2 m * 6 m) and jujube-cotton intercropping densities (3 m * 4 m, 2 m * 6 m) were studied in the arid area of the Tarim basin, in order to improve theory of Jujube-crops intercropping, optimize intercropping model, and provide theoretic basis for crop selection. Method: Auto-meteorology Vantage Pro2 and portable meteorological instrument KS4000 were used to observe the microclimatic factors, such as light intensity, air temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction. The ground temperature was tested by WQG-15 thermomicro-climatemeter at same time. Result: The climatic factors changed to some extent with different jujube-crops intercropping systems. Within the same intercropping system, the micro-climate varied in different lines, especially for light intensity. Among the different intercropping system, the order of light intensity was 3*4 (m) jujube-wheat intercropping
- Authors:
- Source: Annals of Plant Protection Sciences
- Volume: 18
- Issue: 2
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Field studies were conducted in Uttar Pradesh, India, during the 2007/08 and 2008/09 rabi seasons, to determine the effect of intercropping on the mustard aphid ( Lipaphis erysimi) incidence. Indian mustard was intercropped with wheat, barley, pea, chickpea, lentil, linseed and radish, with a sole crop of Indian mustard as the control. The aphid population was determined and yield was recorded at harvest. Results showed that mustard intercropped with barley registered minimum mean aphid population index (2.35) and maximum mean yield of mustard (2.67 q/ha), followed by mustard + wheat, having mean aphid index of 2.53 q/ha and 2.67 q/ha, respectively. Mustard intercropped with linseed and chickpea were also better than the control in checking the incidence of mustard aphid, having 2.88 and 3.09 mean aphid indexes, respectively. However, the mustard intercropped with pea, lentil and radish were at par with the control.
- Authors:
- Source: Pakistan Sugar Journal
- Volume: 25
- Issue: 3
- Year: 2010
- Summary: The study on intercropping of autumn planted sugarcane with onion, wheat, Lentil, Mustard and Safflower was carried out at the experimental Field of Sugarcane Research Station, QAARI Larkana during the year 2005-2006. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block with four replications with ultimate plot size of 8*8 m (64 m 2). The results obtained were analysed and reported briefly. The results were statistically non-significant for germination %age, number of tiller per stool and plant height. Maximum germination (59.98%) was recorded when sugarcane was planted sole followed by sugarcane+Lentil intercropping i.e. (58.00%). The same trend was noted for number of tillers stool -1, cane girth and internodes/cane. The cane yield ha -1 of sugarcane was maximum (120.97 m.t ha -1), when sugarcane planted alone, whereas all the intercrops reduced cane yield significantly. Smoothly and competitive effect was observed for all intercrops when sown with sugarcane.
- Authors:
- Source: European Journal of Agronomy
- Volume: 33
- Issue: 3
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Intercropping cereals and grain legumes is a common practice because of the advantages in N use, in pest and volunteer plant smothering, but when the grains need to be separated, there are several technical difficulties. These problems may be overcome by adopting a particular form of intercropping (termed "temporary intercropping") where the coexistence of the crops is limited to a portion of their life cycles. In a cereal-legume temporary row-intercropping, the legume component is ploughed into the soil before cereal shooting; thus the legume is used with a mere fertility purpose in order to improve N availability for the cereal component. The presence of such a positive effect, already confirmed in permanent intercropping, needs to be verified in temporary intercropping systems. In an organic farming system, a field experiment was carried out in two consecutive years (2005 and 2006) to evaluate the technical feasibility of a temporary intercropping between three varieties of durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) and faba bean ( Vicia faba L. var. minor Beck.) and to test the effects on interspecific competition for light, N availability, cereal grain yield and quality. The species were temporarily intercropped following an additive design, and there was no fertilisation or crop protection. The N incorporated into the soil by the faba bean biomass was rather stable across years. The competitive effect of the legume reduced the biomass accumulation of the intercropped wheat, but the cereal N status was considerably improved. After the faba bean incorporation into the soil, the marked asymmetry of the temporary intercropped wheat (i.e. large inter-row space coupled with high plant density in the row) affected the radiation balance, nevertheless the yield was positively affected and the wheat grain protein content was increased to an excellent (from 12.0 to 13.9% in 2005) or a good (from 10.2 to 11.5% in 2006) level. Temporary intercropping was shown to be excellent method to improve the quality of organic durum wheat in the Mediterranean environmental conditions.
- Authors:
- Meena, B.
- Swaminathan, S.
- Verma, T.
- Source: Annals of Plant Protection Sciences
- Volume: 18
- Issue: 1
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Field studies were conducted in India, during the 1999/2000 and 2000/01 rabi seasons, to detemine the impact of intercrops on the incidence of Lipaphis erysimi on Indian mustard. The treatments comprised Indian mustard+wheat (2:3; 3 rows of intercrop and 2 rows of Indian mustard), Indian mustard+barley (2:3), Indian mustard+chickpeas (2:2) and Indian mustard. Aphid populations were recorded from 5 randomly selected plants from each plot at weekly intervals from initial appearance to harvest. Visual counts of aphids were made to record the populations on wheat, barley and chickpeas. Higher aphid numbers were recorded on Indian mustard and Indian mustard+chickpea intercrop. The average number of aphids was higher during the 1999/2000 season and lower during the 2000/01 season. The peak population was observed during the second and fourth weeks of February. The Indian mustard+chickpea intercrop had significantly higher aphid populations (320.35), followed by Indian mustard (234.71) during the 1999/2000 season possibly due to the plant height and the extra nitrogen made available by chickpeas resulting in better succulence of Indian mustard. The range of aphid populations was 153.60-320.35/5 plants during the 1999/2000 season and 118.88-125.81/5 plants during the 2000/01 season.
- Authors:
- Somendra, N.
- Anand, K.
- Tripathi, A.
- Source: Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
- Volume: 80
- Issue: 2
- Year: 2010
- Summary: A field experiment was carried out during winter ( rabi) seasons of 2003-04 and 2004-05 at Kanpur to find out the production potential and economic viability of winter maize ( Zea mays L.) intercropped with potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.), Indian mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. & Cosson], toria ( Brassica campestris var. toria), pea ( Pisum sativum L. sensulato), linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) for central plain zone of Uttar Pradesh. Values of land equivalent ratio (LER) and area-time equivalent ratio (ATER) with all the intercropping systems were greater indicating advantage in yield, land-use efficiency and monetary return/unit time and space over the respective monocultures. All the intercrops with maize recorded significantly higher maize-equivalent yield than the sole crop. Intercropping of maize with potato was more advantageous than the other intercrops. Maize+potato appeared to be biologically the most efficient and economically viable system giving the highest maize grain yield (6 091 kg/ha), maize-equivalent yield (13 792 kg/ha), production efficiency (276.1%), land equivalent ratio (2.14), area-time equivalent ratio (1.91), monetary advantage (Rs 39 017) and net realization (Rs 32 369/ha), followed by maize+pea. Indian mustard, toria and wheat were found non-compatible with winter maize.
- Authors:
- Ren, Z.
- Xie, M.
- Gu, M.
- Zhang, X.
- Huang, S.
- Wu, J.
- Ju, Y.
- Zhong, W.
- Wang, W.
- Source: Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
- Volume: 23
- Issue: 5
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Anthocyanin of color potato was important as its nutritional value, but very little research had been conducted on the influence of cultivation techniques on anthocyanin content of potatoes. In this paper, orthogonal experimental design L 9(3 4) was used to investigate the effect of fertilizers and planting densities on anthocyanin content of color potatoes In different cultivation conditions. The results showed that to obtain the highest anthocyanin content in Ziyun No. 1, optimal cultivation techniques were as follow: at the condition of intercropping with orchard in the shallow valley, optimal average per hectare consumption of fertilizer nutrients was pure P 2O 5 100 kg, the most cost-effective plant density was 50 000 plants/hm 2, with 2 per mil spray concentration of KH 2PO 4; at the condition of individual cropping in the shallow valley, optimal average per hectare consumption of fertilizer nutrients was pure P 2O 5 75 kg, the most cost-effective plant density was 60 000 plants/hm 2, with a 3 per mil spray concentration of KH 2PO 4; at the condition of individual cropping in deep valley between low mountains areas, optimal average per hectare consumption of fertilizer nutrients was pure P 2O 5 100 kg, the most cost-effective plant density was 60 000 plant/hm 2, with 3 per mil spray concentration of KH 2PO 4.
- Authors:
- Wang, L.
- Anjum, S.
- Xue, L.
- Zhang, Y,
- Hu, X,
- Wang, G.
- Zou, C.
- Source: Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao / Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
- Volume: 18
- Issue: 3
- Year: 2010
- Summary: Under the "wheat/maize/sweet potato" tri-crop intercropping system in the southwest China, we researched into the effects of different straw mulching treatments on root morphology, physiological characteristics of transplanted maize at seedling stage. Taking local traditional farming (T) as CK, the other two treatments were straw mulching (TS) and straw mulching plus decomposition catalysts (TSD). The entire experiment lasted for two years. Results show that straw mulching moderately increases root length and root surface area, while significantly increasing root length within 1.0-2.5 mm diameter compared with T treatment. However, there is no significant difference between TSD and TS treatments. Significantly increases in maize seedling root vigor by respectively 19.12%, 27.46%, in root-shoot ratio by 36.72%, 37.50%, and in root biomass by 62.53%, 69.42% are noted under TS and TSD treatments for 2008. Compared with T, the above indicators increase respectively by 17.86% and 25.83%, 31.54% and 33.08%, 65.69% and 77.37% for 2009. Meanwhile, straw mulching enhances soil moisture and nutrient supply. Straw mulching conservation tillage enhances root development and other physiological characteristics under maize intercropping system at seedling stage by changing farmland environment. Straw mulching with decomposition catalysts even performs better.
