• Authors:
    • McRae, F. J.
  • Source: Winter crop variety sowing guide 2001
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: This guide contains information that aims to assist farmers in New South Wales, Australia, to make better cropping decisions and higher profits as well as increased productivity from the resources invested, along with total sustainability of the farm. Variety guides are given for the following winter crops: wheat (including durum wheat), barley, oats, triticale, cereal rye, grazing cereals, canola [rape], chickpea, faba bean, field pea and lupin. An evaluation of varietal characteristics, reactions to diseases, crop injury and profitable marketing of these winter crops is discussed. Weed control is detailed for some crops. Industry information on wheat receival sites and the different wheat authorities is presented. Options for the control of insect pests of stored grain, the location of various district agronomists, and a list of cereal seed dressings for the control of seed-borne diseases are provided. Hints on volumetric grain weights, typical bulk densities and the angles of repose of some grains is mentioned.
  • Authors:
    • Tonkin, C. J.
    • Dellow, J. J.
    • Mullen, C. L.
  • Source: Weed control in winter crops 2001
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: This handbook is a guide to chemical weed control in fallows, wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, canola [rape], safflower, lentil, linseed, lupin, chickpea, faba bean and field pea. Information are also presented on the optimum rate, timing and method of herbicide application, use of adjuvants, surfactants and oils, and herbicide resistance.
  • Authors:
    • Powell, C.
  • Source: New South Wales Department of Agriculture
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: Variety trials conducted in New South Wales, Australia in 2000 are reported for winter crops of barley, canola [rape], chickpeas, faba beans, field peas, lentils, lupins ( Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius), mixed cereals, oats, triticale and wheat.
  • Authors:
    • Choudhary, A.
    • Akramkhanov, A.
    • Pulatov, A.
  • Source: Conservation agriculture, a worldwide challenge. First World Congress on conservation agriculture, Madrid, Spain, 1-5 October, 2001. Volume 2
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: This paper describes the status of agriculture and environmental issues in Uzbekistan and other Central Asian states. The paper also outlines the recent research and development project being conducted in Uzbekistan to promote conservation agriculture technologies for wheat and cotton production. No-tillage and bed planting technologies were trialled for the first time in Uzbekistan to grow winter wheat at the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanisation Engineers Research Farm. These were compared to conventionally grown wheat. Wheat yield obtained was 3.44, 3.96 and 3.57 t/ha in no-till, bed planting and conventional fields respectively. These results suggest a high potential for irrigated wheat crop production with the use of such technologies in Uzbekistan.
  • Authors:
    • Schillinger, W. F.
  • Source: Soil Erosion Research for the 21st Century, Proc. Int. Symp. (3-5 January 2001, Honolulu, HI, USA). Eds. J.C. Ascough II and D.C. Flanagan. St. Joseph, MI: ASAE.701P0007
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: Water runoff and soil loss from wheat fields in the inland Pacific Northwest (PNW) USA is often severe during the winter when rain or snow melt occur on frozen soils. Annual precipitation in this region varies from 150 to 600 mm and characteristically 60% occurs between November and March. Water erosion in the wheat-fallow rotation is most severe during the winter of the crop year because of the winter precipitation pattern, long steep slopes, very little ground cover from crop residue or wheat seedlings, and low water infiltration rates through frozen soil. Additional management practices are needed to combat erosion events associated with frozen soil. Research was conducted at 9 on-farm sites in eastern Washington state from 1993 to 1999 to determine the effects of subsoiling fall-sown wheat on 15 to 40% slopes prior to soil freezing on soil loss, water infiltration into the soil, and grain yield. The experimental design at each site was a randomized complete block with 6 replications of 2 treatments: subsoiled and control. Two types of subsoilers were used over the 6-yr period: (i) a 5-cm-wide shank operated 40 cm deep on the contour with shanks spaced 4 or 6 m apart to cut a continuous groove in the soil, and (ii) a rotary 'sharks tooth' implement which creates a 40 cm deep, 4-litre-capacity hole every 0.7 m 2. The sharks tooth subsoiler causes less soil disturbance and less damage to wheat plants than continuous shank channels. Results show that, when water runoff on frozen soils occurs, tillage channels or holes (i) reduce soil loss by retarding rill erosion, (ii) increase water infiltration, and (iii) do not reduce or increase grain yield. Many wheat growers have started to adopt these, or similar, soil conservation practices on their farms.
  • Authors:
    • Scott, F.
  • Source: Farm Budget Handbook, Northern NSW - Winter Crops 2001
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: This handbook presents gross margin budgets for annual winter crops and pasture establishment to assist landholders in northern New South Wales, Australia, plan for the 2001 winter cropping season.
  • Authors:
    • Zybalov, V.
  • Source: Mezhdunarodnyi Sel'skokhozyaistvennyi Zhurnal
  • Issue: 5
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: Field trials were carried out at 2 sites in Russia to assess the effectiveness of rape as a weed-removing crop in different rotations. Rotations were fallow-wheat-barley-maize-wheat, and vetch-oat mixture and rape-wheat-barley-maize-wheat, with a control involving pure fallow. The degree of weediness (number of weeds/m 2) and species composition of weeds in young crops of wheat and barley was assessed twice (at tillering stage and before harvest). Before harvesting, weed mass was also assessed and the numbers of weed seeds in soil samples were determined. The substitution of rape crops for fallow in rotations resulted in significant reductions in weed numbers and weed seeds in soil. It is concluded that rape is effective in reducing levels of weeds in young crops and soils, even when minimal or no soil preparation is carried out.
  • Authors:
    • Roggenstein, V.
    • Fischbeck, G.
    • Dennert, J.
  • Source: Getreide Magazin
  • Issue: 3
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: A study was initiated in 1980 in Germany on a soil with 4% humus and 18.2 mg P 20 5/100 g soil and 35.7 mg K 20/100 g soil. Crops included winter wheat, barley, rye, oats, rape, and maize. Annual soil analyses showed an unexpectedly large variation following inputs of up to 60 kg P/ha and 80 kg K/ha. The difference in P and K supply between fertilized and unfertilized plots was around 20%. However, the effect on yields was less than might have been expected. Non-application of P did not influence yield, while non-application of K resulted in 5% decrease (despite high K availability). No direct relationship was found between soil analysis and yields.
  • Authors:
    • UK, National Institute of Agricultural Botany
  • Source: Pocket guide to varieties of cereals, oilseeds and pulses for Spring 2002
  • Year: 2001
  • Summary: This edition presents information on the spring sown varieties of wheat, barley, oats, oilseed rape, peas and beans. Individual information on each variety is given, including variety notes, yield performance, relative ranking position in different environments and a summary of the important character ratings from the Recommended Lists. General information is also given on minor spring sown oil crops.
  • Authors:
    • Khosla, R.
    • Alley, M. M.
    • Davis, P. H.
  • Source: Agronomy Journal
  • Volume: 92
  • Issue: 2
  • Year: 2000
  • Summary: Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is grown in rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] in the mid-Atlantic Sufficient data on N fertilization of sorghum are not available for this region. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of multi-rate N fertilization on dryland sorghum. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of four starter-band N rates (11, 34, 56, and 78 kg N ha(-1)) and four sidedress N rates (0, 45, 90, and 134 kg N ha(-1)). A broadcast treatment of 67 kg N ha(-1) at planting was also included. Starter-band was applied 5 cm to the side and below the seed. Sidedress was applied 35 days after emergence at the eight-leaf growth stage. Grain yield ranged from 1.7 to 11.9 Mg ha(-1) over eight site-years and was responsive and nonresponsive to N applications on four sites each. Nonresponsiveness was either due to high levels (>85 kg N ha(-1)) of residual soil mineral N, or severe water stress conditions. Our results indicate that production of sorghum on soils testing high in mineral N (50 kg N ha(-1) in the surface 0.3 m) at planting should not receive any starter-band N in conjunction with sidedress N application of 130 kg N ha(-1) for optimum economic return to N fertilization. For soils testing low in mineral N, 40 kg N ha(-1) starter-band in conjunction with 130 kg N ha(-1) sidedress N should optimize the sorghum yields in most situations.