• Authors:
    • Kashevarov, N. I.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 3
  • Year: 2007
  • Summary: An overview of growing conditions of annual and perennial fodder crops and forage conservation in different zones of Siberia during 1986-2005 is given. Recommended planting systems for main annual and perennial crops and grass mixtures as well as their characteristics are summarised in 5 tables. New stable and highly productive multispecies cropping systems were developed, with a focus on Siberian cultivars. Achievements of Siberian research institutes in silage conservation and in selection of new rape, maize, barley, oat, field bean and clover cultivars are presented.
  • Authors:
    • Kruzhkov, N. K.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 10
  • Year: 2007
  • Summary: In trials in Orel province, Russia, in 1986-89, catch crops of spring rape were sown immediately after harvesting of winter wheat and barley crops in the following rotations: (1) vetch + oat mixture - winter wheat - barley - oats; (2) peas - winter wheat - maize - barley; (3) clover - winter wheat - potatoes - barley - oats undersown with clover; and (4) fallow - winter wheat - potatoes - buckwheat - barley. The rape was harvested for fodder or ploughed in as a green manure prior to the subsequent crop being sown. Green matter yields of 16-23.4 t/ha were obtained from the rape depending on sowing date and weather conditions. Results showed that after rape was harvested for fodder, yields of subsequent crops were reduced, significantly so in some cases (by 12% for the vetch + oats mixture, by 9.5% for potatoes and by 8.1% for silage maize). However, if the rape was ploughed in as a green manure, the yield of subsequent crops increased; for example, by 8.8% in barley, 9.7% in maize and 10.5% in peas. In terms of fodder units produced per ha, in all cases rape as a catch crop increased values by 7.4-18.9% when harvested for fodder and by 3.8-6.5% when ploughed in.
  • Authors:
    • Emel'yanov, A. M.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 3
  • Year: 2007
  • Summary: Increasing fodder crop productivity is a research priority due to the cattle raising type of agriculture practised in Buryatia. Productivity of oats in different crop rotation schemes in the dry steppe zone during 2001-05 is tabulated. The highest oat grain-haylage yield (11.3 t/ha) was achieved in the following scheme: naked fallow - wheat + oats - oat for grain-haylage. Usage of multispecies cropping system for increasing hay cutting yield is described. Melilotus, oil radish and spring rape are highly recommended for cultivation in single and mixed forage sowing. Fodder crops productivity and additional yield depending on sowing time and fertilization in 5-years period are summarised in 2 tables. Optimum sowing time for using June-August precipitation is the last ten-day period of June. Nutritional quality of oat and barley hay according to degree of their ripeness is discussed.
  • Authors:
    • Postnikov, P. A.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 5
  • Year: 2005
  • Summary: The use of green manure in barley cultivation was studied in Sverdlovsk region, Russia in 1998-2000. The green manure treatments studied were control, peas, peas + oats, oilseed rape, winter cress and Sudan grass. Data on yield, chemical composition, nutrient value and amino acid content of barley are tabulated. The highest productivity (50.8, 51.4 and 51.5) was achieved for treatments with peas, oilseed rape and winter cress [ Barbarea vulgaris], respectively.
  • Authors:
    • Cakmak, I.
  • Source: Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
  • Volume: 29
  • Issue: 2
  • Year: 2005
  • Summary: These proceedings contain 8 papers on: the impact of genomics and genetics on wheat quality improvement; the role of conventional plant breeding and biotechnology in future wheat production; biotechnology applications for wheat improvement at CIMMYT; genetics and breeding for durable resistance to leaf stripe rusts ( Pyrenophora graminea) in wheat; controlling foliar blight ( Cochliobolus sativus) of wheat in South Asia: a holistic approach; international cooperation for winter wheat improvement in Central Asia: results and perspectives; the role of wheat in diversified cropping systems in dryland agriculture of Central Asia; and breeding of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum) for different adaptation types in multifunctional agricultural production.
  • Authors:
    • Shofman, L. I.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 10
  • Year: 2004
  • Summary: Ways of increasing the productivity of 1 ha of arable land under fodder crops in the central zone of Belarus are discussed including the use of sequential cropping. Investigations were conducted to determine productivity and quality of various fodder mixtures at different harvest dates of cover crops, as well as compare the effectiveness of use of land under monoculture of fodder barley, sowing dates, soil cultivation methods, and nitrogen fertilizer doses used in oilseed radish and rape sown after barley harvest. Field trials were conducted with Pukhovchanka winter rye, Belotserkovskaya spring vetch, Lutch annual ryegrass, Erbgraf oat, Nemiga spring triticale, Syabra barley, Prygazhunya oiseed radish and Smak spring rape. Data are tabulated on dry matter content and protein yield obtained from various fodder mixtures used for oversowing in winter rye during 1995-98. Data are included on productivity of crop mixtures used for oversowing during 1996-98. The importance of choosing the optimal sowing date for increase of fodder yield using oilseed rape as an additional fodder crop after harvesting the main crop, i.e. barley, and the optimal soil cultivation method for growing of rape after barley is outlined. Data are tabulated on the effect of sowing dates, soil cultivation method and nitrogen doses on yield of oilseed radish and rape grown after barley. Data are included on qualitative parameters of green fodders produced in the multiple cropping systems. Data are tabulated on efficiency of energy use in intensive cropping systems in fodder crop monocultures.
  • Authors:
    • Zakharenko, V. A.
  • Source: Zashchita i Karantin Rastenii
  • Issue: 12
  • Year: 2004
  • Summary: Wild oat (Avena fatua) is widely spread in cereals, particularly wheat, barley and oat, in many regions of Russia, causing up to 40% losses of crops, and a decrease of quality of seed material, and food and feed grains. Investigations carried out in the Orlov region, European Russia, revealed significant infestations of agricultural crops, particularly winter and spring wheat, and pea, with wild oat. Data are tabulated on herbicides effective against Poaceae weeds including A. fatua in sugarbeet, sunflower, soyabean, rape, potato and vegetable crops. Strategies for prevention and control of A. fatua are discussed. Data are also tabulated on herbicides showing activity against Poaceae and dicotyledonous weeds, as well as A. sativa in maize, sugarbeet, sunflower, soyabean, rape, potato and vegetable crops.
  • Authors:
    • Sabirov, A. M.
    • Gareev, R. G.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 1
  • Year: 2003
  • Summary: In studies in the Kazan' region of Russia in 1995-99, the optimal rate of sowing barley as a cover crop for spring rape was found to be 2.5 million germinated seeds/ha (50% sowing rate), while for oats the sowing rate ranged between 50 and 75%. At these rates, the germination of spring rape was no less than 86%, with survival no less than 68%.
  • Authors:
    • Sukhochev, V. N.
    • Gurin, A. G.
  • Source: Sadovodstvo i Vinogradarstvo
  • Issue: 2
  • Year: 2003
  • Summary: In research during 1997-2000 at the All-Russian Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding in Orel province, Russia, the use of field crops sown between strawberry rows was investigated as a means of suppressing weed growth. Oats, barley, rape and mustard were sown between rows of strawberry cv. Red Gauntlet; the sowing date was manipulated so that the field crops would be cut down after strawberry harvest but before they could set seed. In terms of the number of plants of the major weed species present at the end of vegetative growth, there were 122 plants per linear m in the untreated control, but only 37 in the barley, 48 in the oats, 53 in the mustard and 60 in the rape treatments. The cereals were better at suppressing weeds because they were sown earlier than the crucifers. In terms of annual strawberry fruit yield, the average for the 4 years of the trial was 8.07 t/ha in the control but higher with the weed suppressing crops: 8.18, 8.49, 8.62 and 8.66 for the rape, mustard, oats and barley treatments, respectively.
  • Authors:
    • Abramov, A. F.
  • Source: Kormoproizvodstvo
  • Issue: 7
  • Year: 2003
  • Summary: On the basis of biochemical analyses, the types of fodder and the fodder plants that can be produced under the severe environmental conditions of Yakutia in north-east Russia are discussed. Suitable species include oats, barley, rye, sunflower, rape, peas, lucerne and sweet clover [ Melilotus], while the fodders that can be produced include silage, haylage, meal produced from the green matter of cereals and grasses, combined fodders and fodder mixtures.