291. Forage supply systems for dryland dairy farms in southern Australia.

• Authors:
  • Kenny, S. N.
  • O'Brien, G. B.
  • Ward, G. N.
  • Jacobs, J. L.
  • Chapman, D. F.
  • Beca, D.
  • McKenzie, F. R.
• Source: Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association
• Volume: 68
• Year: 2006
• Summary: Continued improvements in home grown forage consumption are needed to support the long-term profitability of the dairy industry in southern Australia. Most home grown forage currently comes from perennial ryegrass pastures, which have significant limitations in the southern Australia environment. These limitations threaten future productivity gains, and we therefore consider opportunities for using other plant species. Data on the production of alternative perennial grasses, brassica summer crops, C4 summer crops and winter cereals grown for whole-crop silage are limited and generally show large variation in yields between sites and years. Simulation models suggest that, once the base ryegrass pasture is well-utilised, incorporating complementary forages can return $70-$100/ha extra operating profit for every additional tonne of home grown forage DM consumed per ha. Double cropping (winter cereal or annual ryegrass followed by a summer crop of turnips or maize) and summer-active pastures such as tall fescue show particular promise. Further information is required on how to integrate these forages into whole farm feeding systems to realise the additional profit with manageable business and environmental risk.

292. The effect of raised beds on soil structure, waterlogging, and productivity on duplex soils in Western Australia.

• Authors:
  • Spann, C.
  • Houlbrooke, D.
  • Hamilton, G.
  • Bakker, D.
• Source: Australian Journal of Soil Research
• Volume: 43
• Issue: 5
• Year: 2005
• Summary: Waterlogging and poor soil structure in the root-zone of duplex soils in Western Australia has long been recognized as a major constraint to the production of agricultural crops (oats, barley, rape, field peas, wheat, lupins) and pastures. The effect of raised beds on waterlogging, soil structure, and productivity of duplex soils was investigated. Five experimental sites were established, monitored, and operated over 5 years as well as 3 larger scale demonstration sites which were operated over 4 or 3 years. Treatments consisted of raised beds and a normal no-till seedbed as the control. The beds were made with a bed former after the soil had been deep cultivated. Bulk density and steady-state infiltration rate observations indicated significant and lasting improvements in soil structure in the beds. The incidence of waterlogging in raised beds was reduced and this was accompanied by an increase in runoff from the raised beds. The average grain yield increase from the beds was 18% for a variety of crops across a range of climatic conditions and duplex soils. Seven years after the introduction of raised beds for broad-acre farming in Western Australia, more than an estimated 30 000 ha of crops is now grown on raised beds.

293. Soil nitrous oxide emissions from rainfed wheat in SE Australia.

• Authors:
  • Barker-Reid, F.
  • Gates, W. P.
  • Eckard, R. J.
  • Wilson, K.
  • Baigent, R.
  • Galbally, I. E.
  • Meyer, C. P.
  • Weeks, I. A.
• Source: 4th International Symposium on non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases
• Year: 2005

294. Nitrous oxide emissions from Australian agricultural soils: a perspective on pastures and grain

• Authors:
  • Leuning, R.
  • Baigent, R.
  • Eckard, R.
  • Barker-Reid, F.
  • Phillips, F.
  • Gates, W.
  • Kelly, K.
  • Galbally, I. E.
  • Meyer, C. P.
  • Weeks, I. A.
• Source: Greenhouse 2005: action on climate change
• Year: 2005

295. Spatial variability of N2O emissions and contributing soil factors from an Australian irrigated dairy pasture

• Authors:
  • R,Leuning
  • IE,Galbally
  • K,Kelly
  • R,Edis
  • Y,Li
  • D,Turner
  • D,Chen
• Source: 4th International Symposium on non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases
• Year: 2005

296. Gaseous nitrogen losses from acid sulfate sugarcane soils on the coastal lowlands

• Authors:
  • Denmead, O.T.
  • Bryant, G.
  • Reilly, R.
  • Griffith, D. W. T.
  • White, I.
  • Stainlay, W.
  • Melville, M. D.
  • Macdonald, B. C. T.
• Source: Proceedings of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists
• Volume: 27
• Year: 2005

297. A study of environmental and management drivers of nitrous oxide emissions in Australian agro-ecosystems

• Authors:
  • Barker-Reid, F.
  • Gates, W.
  • Grace, P.
  • Barton, L.
  • Porter, B.
  • Bentley, S. T.
  • Leuning, R.
  • Eckard, R.
  • Phillips, F.
  • Kelly, K.
  • Meyer, C. P.
  • Galbally, I.E.
• Source: Greenhouse 2005: Action on Climate Change
• Year: 2005

298. First results from the study of environmental and management drivers of nitrous oxide greenhouse gas emissions in Australian agro-ecosystems

• Authors:
  • Phillips, F.
  • Barker-Reid, F.
  • Gates, W. P.
  • Meyer, C. P.
  • Bentley, S. T.
  • Eckard, R. J.
  • Kelly, K.
  • Grace, P.
  • Barton, L.
  • Porter, B.
  • Galbally, I. E.
• Source: Greenhouse 2005: Action on Climate Change
• Year: 2005

299. Environmental and management drivers of non-CO<SUB>2</SUB> greenhouse gas emissions in Australian agro-ecosystems

• Authors:
  • Galbally, I.
  • Kelly, K.
  • Phillips, F.
  • Baigent, R.
  • Chen, D.
  • Weeks, I.
  • Griffith, D.
  • Gates, W.
  • Grace, P.
  • Meyer, M.
  • Eckard, R.
  • Leuning, R.
  • Barker-Reid, F.
• Source: Clean Air Conference
• Year: 2005

300. A study of environmental and management drivers of non-CO<SUB>2</SUB> greenhouse gas emissions in Australian agro-ecosystems

• Authors:
  • Kelly, K.
  • Baigent, R.
  • Eckard, R.
  • Weeks, I.
  • Leuning, R.
  • Phillips, F.
  • Barker-Reid, F.
  • Gates, W.
  • Grace, P.
  • Galbally, I.
  • Meyer, M.
  • Bentley, S.
• Source: Environmental Sciences
• Volume: 2
• Issue: 2-3
• Year: 2005