331. Soil organic carbon sequestration rates by tillage and crop rotation

• Authors:
  • Post, W. M.
  • West, T. O.
• Source: Soil Science Society of America Journal
• Volume: 66
• Issue: 6
• Year: 2002
• Summary: Changes agricultural management can potentially increase the accumulation rate of soil organic C (SOC), thereby sequestering CO2 from the atmosphere. This study was conducted to quantify potential soil C sequestration rates for different crops in response to decreasing tillage intensity or enhancing rotation complexity, and to estimate the duration of time over which sequestration may occur. Analyses of C sequestration rates were completed using a global database of 67 long-term agricultural experiments, consisting of 276 paired treatments. Results indicate, on average, that a change from conventional tillage (CT) to no-till (NT) can sequester 57 +/- 14 g C m(-2) yr(-1), excluding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow systems which may not result in SOC accumulation with a change from CT to NT. Enhancing rotation complexity can sequester an average 20 +/- 12 g C m(-2) yr(-1), excluding a change from continuous corn (Zea mays L.) to corn-soybean (Glycine mar L.) which may not result in a significant accumulation of SOC. Carbon sequestration rates, with a change from CT to NT, can be expected to peak in 5 to 10 yr with SOC reaching a new equilibrium in 15 to 20 yr. Following initiation of an enhancement in rotation complexity, SOC may reach a new equilibrium in approximately 40 to 60 yr. Carbon sequestration rates, estimated for a number of individual crops and crop rotations in this study, can be used in spatial modeling analyses to more accurately predict regional, national, and global C sequestration potentials.

332. Weed control in winter crops 2002.

• Authors:
  • Tonkin, C. J.
  • Francis, R. J.
  • Dellow, J. J.
  • Mullen, C. L.
• Source: Weed control in winter crops 2002
• Year: 2002
• Summary: This bulletin provides a list of the most important weeds of winter crops, and identifies the herbicides that should be used for optimum weed control in fallows, wheat, barley, oat, rye, triticale, rape, sunflower, lentil, linseed, lupin, chickpea, faba bean and field pea.

333. Weed seed contamination in cereal and pulse crops.

• Authors:
  • Moerkerk, M.
  • Niknam, S. R.
  • Cousens, R.
• Source: 13th Australian Weeds Conference: weeds "threats now and forever?", Sheraton Perth Hotel, Perth, Western Australia, 8-13 September 2002: papers and proceedings 2002
• Year: 2002
• Summary: This paper reports on surveys of farmers' seed boxes, which were carried out in the Wimmera and Mallee regions of Victoria in 2001. From seeds ready to be sown, 160 cereal (mainly wheat and barley) and pulse samples (mainly lentils, beans and peas) were collected and the level and species of weed seed were determined. For lentils (28 samples), the seed box survey was followed up with a paddock survey at flowering and the determination of foreign seed material in the final harvested grain. A wide range of weed species was found in the farmer-retained seed. Farmer-retained seed also contained more weed seeds than certified seed. The main foreign seeds in cereals were annual ryegrass ( Lolium rigidum), volunteer canola, volunteer barley, wild oats ( Avena spp.), silver grass ( Vulpia bromoides), volunteer wheat, lesser canary grass ( Phalaris minor), brome grass ( Bromus spp.), volunteer oats and paradoxa grass ( Phalaris paradoxa). For lentils, a number of common weeds were identified which tend to persist in the cropping system and replenish the seed bank. Annual ryegrass was identified as the most problematic weed. Other weeds such as vetch ( Vicia sativa) and bedstraw ( Galium tricornutum) could become serious problems in pulses if effective management practices are not found soon.

334. Winter crop variety experiments 2001.

• Authors:
  • Powell, C.
• Source: New South Wales Department of Agriculture
• Year: 2002
• Summary: This publication contains the results of several variety trials conducted in New South Wales, Australia. Cultivars of barley, rape, chickpea, faba bean, field pea, lentil, lupin ( Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius), oats, triticale, wheat and mixed cereals are included in these experiments.

335. Quantifying uncertainty in estimates of C emissions from above-ground biomass due to historic land-use change to cropping in Australia

• Authors:
  • Barrett, D. J.
  • Galbally, I. E.
  • Graetz, R. D.
• Source: Global Change Biology
• Volume: 7
• Issue: 8
• Year: 2001

336. Winter crop variety sowing guide 2001.

• Authors:
  • McRae, F. J.
• Source: Winter crop variety sowing guide 2001
• Year: 2001
• Summary: This guide contains information that aims to assist farmers in New South Wales, Australia, to make better cropping decisions and higher profits as well as increased productivity from the resources invested, along with total sustainability of the farm. Variety guides are given for the following winter crops: wheat (including durum wheat), barley, oats, triticale, cereal rye, grazing cereals, canola [rape], chickpea, faba bean, field pea and lupin. An evaluation of varietal characteristics, reactions to diseases, crop injury and profitable marketing of these winter crops is discussed. Weed control is detailed for some crops. Industry information on wheat receival sites and the different wheat authorities is presented. Options for the control of insect pests of stored grain, the location of various district agronomists, and a list of cereal seed dressings for the control of seed-borne diseases are provided. Hints on volumetric grain weights, typical bulk densities and the angles of repose of some grains is mentioned.

337. Weed control in winter crops 2001.

• Authors:
  • Tonkin, C. J.
  • Dellow, J. J.
  • Mullen, C. L.
• Source: Weed control in winter crops 2001
• Year: 2001
• Summary: This handbook is a guide to chemical weed control in fallows, wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, canola [rape], safflower, lentil, linseed, lupin, chickpea, faba bean and field pea. Information are also presented on the optimum rate, timing and method of herbicide application, use of adjuvants, surfactants and oils, and herbicide resistance.

338. Winter crop variety experiments 2000.

• Authors:
  • Powell, C.
• Source: New South Wales Department of Agriculture
• Year: 2001
• Summary: Variety trials conducted in New South Wales, Australia in 2000 are reported for winter crops of barley, canola [rape], chickpeas, faba beans, field peas, lentils, lupins ( Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius), mixed cereals, oats, triticale and wheat.

339. Farm Budget Handbook, Northern NSW - Winter Crops 2001.

• Authors:
  • Scott, F.
• Source: Farm Budget Handbook, Northern NSW - Winter Crops 2001
• Year: 2001
• Summary: This handbook presents gross margin budgets for annual winter crops and pasture establishment to assist landholders in northern New South Wales, Australia, plan for the 2001 winter cropping season.

340. Farm Budget Handbook, Southern NSW - Irrigated Winter Crops 2001.

• Authors:
  • Faour, K.
• Source: Farm Budget Handbook, Southern NSW - Irrigated Winter Crops 2001
• Year: 2001
• Summary: This handbook presents gross margin budgets for irrigated winter crops and pasture establishment to assist landholders in the Murrumbidgee and Murray valleys (southern New South Wales, Australia) plan for the 2001 winter cropping season.