• Authors:
    • Lu, X.
    • Gong, J.
    • Hou, Z. A.
    • Cui, J.
    • Wang, H. J.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 47
  • Issue: 9
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Method: The experiment selected the major local cotton varieties Biaoza A 1 and Xinluzao33 as test materials and designed different irrigation water quantity and nitrogen (N) fertilizer quantity. Objective: Dry matter accumulation and differences between varieties were analyzed. Result: Result indicated that the total dry matter accumulation showed the change pattern of "slow-fast-slow" in two cotton varieties during the whole growing stage. The total dry matter accumulation were increased with the increase of irrigation water quantity and nitrogen fertilizer quantity, the maximum increasing rates augmented, and fast rising periods were delayed. But over-irrigation would lead to decrease of the total dry matter accumulation. Conclusion: Biaoza A 1 was higher in dry matter accumulation than Xinluzao33 at different treatments; the difference was not significant between varieties between varieties in low irrigation, but significant in medium and high irrigation.
  • Authors:
    • Yan, J. H.
    • Shi, L. S.
    • Hou, Z. A.
    • Cui, J.
    • Wang, H. J.
    • Lu, X.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 47
  • Issue: 10
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: The field experiment was conducted to research the effects and differences of different quantity of water and nitrogen application on cotton yield in two cotton varieties. The results show that the yields of two cotton varieties were increased significantly with the increase of water and nitrogen, but reduced with excessive irrigation water, the maximum cotton yield were obtained with treatment N 2W 2 (N 2: 360 kg/hm 2; W2: 4500 m 3/hm 2). The cotton yield of Biaoza A 1 is significantly higher than that of Xinluzao33, there was no significant difference between in treatment N 1W 1 and N 1W 3, other treatments showed significant difference in cotton yield between the two varieties. These results suggested that the yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency can be enhanced evidently by adopting suitable measures of water and fertilize application based on different cotton varieties.
  • Authors:
    • Wang, H. L.
    • Niu, J. Y.
    • Lv, X. D.
    • Wang, R. Y.
  • Source: Acta Prataculturae Sinica
  • Volume: 20
  • Issue: 5
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: The crop water requirement is one of the most important factors in farmland water circulation system, study the effects of climate warming on water requirement of major crops in irrigated oasis in Hexi corridor when 1-4degreesC temperature rise in the future scenarios. The results show that climate change will have great impact on water requirement of cotton and corn, followed by spring wheat, when the temperature rises 1-4degreesC during the growth period, cotton, water requirement of cotton will increase by 2.17%-12.66%, equivalent to 15.00-83.00 mm; corn will increase by 1.90%-11.49%, equivalent to 14.60-82.50 mm; wheat will be increase by 1.80%-10.03%, equivalent to 9.70-50.70 mm. There are certain regional differences which the impact of climate change on crop water requirements. When the temperature increases 1degreesC, the crop water requirement of Wuwei in arid regions slightly larger than Dunhuang in extreme arid region; When increases 2degreesC, the demand almost equivalent. Dunhuang is greater than the Wuwei if increased 3 and 4degreesC. According to the current planting planning in Hexi Oasis, the given temperature scenario will cause an additional water requirement of 0.11, 0.21, 0.37, 0.62 million m 3 for cotton, 0.16, 0.33, 0.56, 0.93 million m 3 for corn; and 0.14, 0.26, 0.45, 0.71 million m 3 for spring wheat. The total irrigation water increase 0.41, 0.80, 1.38, 2.25 billion m 3. Climate warming will make the situation of water shortage more severe.
  • Authors:
    • Liu, S. H.
    • Liu, S. P.
    • Hu, W.
    • Wan, S. Q.
    • Kang, Y. H.
    • Wang, R. S.
  • Source: Agricultural Water Management
  • Volume: 100
  • Issue: 1
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: A 3-year experiment was conducted in an extremely dry and saline wasteland to investigate the effects of the drip irrigation on salt distributions and the growth of cotton under different irrigation regimes in Xinjiang, Northwest China. The experiment included five treatments in which the soil matric potential (SMP) at 20 cm depth was controlled at -5, -10, -15, -20, and -25 kPa after cotton was established. The results indicated that a favorable low salinity zone existed in the root zone throughout the growing season when the SMP threshold was controlled below -25 kPa. When the SMP value decreased, the electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract (EC e) in the root zone after the growing season decreased as well. After the 3-year experiment, the seed-cotton yield had reached 84% of the average yield level for non-saline soil in the study region and the emergence rate was 78.1% when the SMP target value was controlled below -5 kPa. The average pH of the soil decreased slightly after 3 years of cultivation. The highest irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) values were recorded when the SMP was around -20 kPa. After years of reclamation and utilization, the saline soil gradually changed to a moderately saline soil. The SMP of -5 kPa at a depth of 20 cm immediately under a drip emitter can be used as an indicator for cotton drip irrigation scheduling in saline areas in Xinjiang, Northwest China.
  • Authors:
    • Wu, Z. G.
    • Hudan,T.
    • Yi, P. F.
    • Zhang, J.Z.
    • Wang, Y. M.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 47
  • Issue: 9
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Objective: This paper studied the effect of irrigation quota and application cycle on the growth of the cotton and its yield under the condition of mulched drip irrigation. Method: Different irrigation quota and cycles were designed. The soil moisture was monitored before and after the irrigation. The physiological index such as the budding amount and cotton height were measured at different stages of cotton growth. Result: The study shows that cotton's height is unsusceptible to the irrigation cycle in a state of low irrigation quota. With the irrigation quota increasing, the cotton's height is higher and higher; when the irrigation quota is certain, with the irrigation cycle increasing, the cotton's height is decreasing. When the irrigation quota is 3300 m 3/hm 2 and the irrigation cycle is 8d, the number of the bolls are the most, it is helpful for improving the cotton's production; when the irrigation cycle is 10d, the bolls are the fewest. Conclusion: When the irrigation quota is 5100 m 3/hm 2 and the irrigation cycle is 10d, it's helpful for the cotton's buds to appear early. When the irrigation quota is 4688 m 3/hm 2 and the irrigation cycle is 8d, the production is the highest and the comprehensive benefits is the most.
  • Authors:
    • Zhang, Y.
    • Wang, Q.
    • Zhang, J. S.
    • Yang, P. N.
    • Wei, H. G.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 47
  • Issue: 12
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Objective: In order to discuss the effect of gentle salt-water irrigation on yield of cotton and its quality, a field experiment was conducted at the national irrigation experiment station of Kuerle city in 2008. The research has studied the effect of gentle salt-water alternated with fresh-water irrigation on cotton yield and yield component. Method: This experiment was carried out to use different gentle salt-water rate and different fresh-water rate to find out an appropriate amount of irrigation. Result: The results showed that the cotton yield and its fiber quality can be improved by gentle salt-water alternated with fresh-water irrigation of 3 g/L of mineralized degree in the south Xinjiang. Salt which was carried into soil could be rush into a deep layer of the soil profile by fresh-water irrigation and winter irrigation, and the total salinity of the soil generally kept its balance. Conclusion: By analyzing the tested index of every cotton growth stage, it was found out when gentle salt-water irrigation rate was 2 250 m 3/hm 2 and the fresh-water irrigation rate was 1 500 m 3/hm 2, cotton yield was higher.
  • Authors:
    • Niu, X. X.
    • Wang, B.
    • Ma, X. W.
    • Xue, X. R.
    • Yao, Q. Q.
    • Chen, B. Y.
    • Yang, T.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 48
  • Issue: 5
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Objective: To improve cotton planting technology according to cotton canopy characteristics. Method: Adopt the way, in film with drip irrigation relatively high and low two irrigation quantities, design such 5 different nitrogen strategy plan, completely combination of 10 treatments, determine and analyze the 10 with cotton canopy characteristic and yield growth the variation characteristics. Result: Whether irrigation level is high or low, LAI value and K value each of them with "behind the front less" application of N fertilizer was significantly higher in the bud stage; In the bloom stage under the high irrigation, LAI value was significantly higher with "behind the front less" application of N fertilizer; in the Bud stage, bloom stage, boll stage under high irrigation, with "behind the front less "application of N fertilizer, LAI value was relatively fast increased, but the TC value and T value were decreased relatively quickly; in the bud stage, bloom stage, boll stage under low irrigation, MFIA value was decreased relatively quickly with "front behind much less" application of N fertilizer, but the K value was increased relatively quickly; when the irrigation is higher, the fine under the control of water and nitrogen yield with LAI value was positively related to change, LAI value and seed cotton yield each of them with "behind the front less application of N fertilizer was significantly higher. Conclusion: When the Irrigation is relatively high, the LAI of cotton in bud stage and bloom stage showed the highest value when using two top-dressing with the behind the front less" strategy of nitrogen, to the effect of LAI value, TC value, T value, K value, and yield in growth stage was stronger than that "front behind much less" strategy of nitrogen.
  • Authors:
    • Zhang, Y. L.
    • Luo, H. H.
    • Hu, X. B.
    • Yang, M. S.
    • Feng, G. Y.
    • Cui, S. Q.
    • Yao, Y. D.
    • Zhang, W. F.
  • Source: Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
  • Volume: 48
  • Issue: 5
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Objective: The purpose of this program is explore the formation rule of the yield and the canopy structure of hybrid cotton at low density and with less seeds to seek high yield and efficiency. Method: Two hybrid cotton cultivars, xinluzao 43 and lumianyan 24, were grown under-mulch-drip irrigation to study various low-densities' influence on the canopy structure, photosynthetic characteristics and the yield of hybrid cotton. Result: The results showed that the lint yield of hybrid cotton reached 3 300 kg/hm 2 ultra-high levels at the density of 10. 5*10 4 plants/hm 2, through individual and group coordinated production advantage. The leaf area index LAI, canopy openness (DIFN) rising fast. The higher light absorption and the more photosynthesis products will be, which contributes to the dry matter production capacity and conversion rate, thus helping reach the purpose of increasing yield and efficiency. However, the yield of hybrid decreased less than 2 700 kg/hm 2 levels at the density of 45 000 plants/hm 2, decreased rage up to 18.1%-21.7%. Conclusion: The aim of saving cost, improving the yield and efficiency can be actualized by exerting individual potential and by relatively reducing the density of hybrid cotton.
  • Authors:
    • Wang, J.
    • Li, X. M.
    • Liu, M. X.
    • Yang, J. S.
    • Yu, M.
  • Source: Journal of Northwest A & F University (Natural Science Edition)
  • Volume: 39
  • Issue: 6
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Objective: The study was done to explore the effects of different mulched drip irrigation modes on cotton evapotranspiration, and to provide reference for design of technical parameters of drip irrigation and determination of irrigation schedule. Method: A laboratory simulation experiment was carried out to obtain the cotton evapotranspiration by weighing method, and then the effects of different emitter discharges (0.3, 0.8 L/h), irrigation water qualities (0.40, 2.47, 3.50 g/L), and irrigation amounts (321,386 mm) on cotton evapotranspiration were analyzed. Result: The cotton evapotranspiration under small emitter discharge (0.3 L/h) is higher than that under large emitter discharge (0.8 L/h) when the cotton is irrigated with sufficient fresh water. For the same irrigation amount and emitter discharge, the cotton evapotranspiration is almost the same under fresh water (0.40 g/L) and brackish water irrigation (2.47 g/L), which is obviously lower than the cotton evapotranspiration under saline water irrigation (3.50 g/L). For the same emitter discharge, the cotton with sufficient water supply has higher evapotranspiration than that with deficient water supply. Conclusion: The cotton evapotranspiration decreases with the increase of emitter discharge or mineralization degree of irrigation water, increases with the increase of irrigation amount. The blackish water irrigation with proper amount can not influence the cotton evapotranspiration significantly.
  • Authors:
    • Wang, C Y.
    • Zhang, X. H.
  • Source: Journal of China Agricultural University
  • Volume: 16
  • Issue: 3
  • Year: 2011
  • Summary: Tarim basin is the most suitable area to plant cotton in China. During the past decades, the basin has been developed into one of the major areas in China to yield high quality cotton due to its prominent conditions of sunshine and heat. Based on data of 1949-2007 from cotton industry, the spatio-temporal evolution of cotton industry and some problems produced in the process of cotton area extension are analyzed in detail by using the method of development index. Advices to further promote cotton industry are put forward. Several outcomes of this studying are as follows: (1) The cotton industry in Tarim basin has been developed remarkably from 1949 to 2007. The phases of cotton industry were divided into three parts: slow-paced development, then rapid growth, and finally steadily progress. The trend of cotton industry progress has some specific characteristics by itself as well as some similar characteristics to other areas. (2) In the process of cotton industry development, the range of predominant cotton area in Tarim basin has shrunk in west part, expanded eastward and outspread northward. What's more, the cotton area in each county extends greatly. (3) Some problems such as water resource shortage, eco-environment deterioration, weak response of market has come into being in the process of extension of cotton cropland. Several advices of optimum distribution, moderate scale, saving water irrigation, ecological cultivation, building consummated service system are put forward based on the above problems.