- Authors:
- Brandsater, L. O.
- Løes, A. K.
- Riley, H.
- Source: European weed research society. Proceedings of the 6th EWRS workshop on physical and cultural weed control, Lillehammer, Norway, 8-10 March, 2004
- Year: 2004
- Summary: Due to official regulations, Norwegian agriculture is divided into cereal cropping areas with very little animal husbandry, and areas with high livestock density in the coastal and mountain regions. Stockless organic farming requires a good management of green manure crops. This paper presents crop rotations designed for organic farming with low livestock density, combining weed control and nutrient supply. Rotation 1 consists of green manure, followed by barley with subcropped legume, oats and peas, green manure or winter rye, rye, ryegrass-clover, and late planted rapeseed. Rotation 1 is designed for a full-time farmer with good access to cultivated land, where 66% of the land is used for cereals and rapeseed, and 34% for green manure. Rotation 2 consists of cereal or lettuce, followed by 4-5 rotations of ley, then potatoes, green manure, cabbage with early mulch, and carrots with late mulch. Rotation 2 is designed for a part-time farmer with less farmland who wants to keep the land in shape and produce some cash crops, but cannot manage to cultivate all the farmland intensively. Forty-four percent of the land is then used for vegetables and herbs, and 56% to produce mulch or green manure crops. Green manure and mulch leys must be cut regularly to control perennial weeds.
- Authors:
- Riley, H.
- Løes, A. K.
- Brandsæter, L. O.
- Source: European weed research society. Proceedings of the 6th EWRS workshop on physical and cultural weed control, Lillehammer, Norway, 8-10 March, 2004
- Year: 2004
- Summary: Due to official regulations, Norwegian agriculture is divided into cereal cropping areas with very little animal husbandry, and areas with high livestock density in the coastal and mountain regions. Stockless organic farming requires a good management of green manure crops. This paper presents crop rotations designed for organic farming with low livestock density, combining weed control and nutrient supply. Rotation 1 consists of green manure, followed by barley with subcropped legume, oats and peas, green manure or winter rye, rye, ryegrass-clover, and late planted rapeseed. Rotation 1 is designed for a full-time farmer with good access to cultivated land, where 66% of the land is used for cereals and rapeseed, and 34% for green manure. Rotation 2 consists of cereal or lettuce, followed by 4-5 rotations of ley, then potatoes, green manure, cabbage with early mulch, and carrots with late mulch. Rotation 2 is designed for a part-time farmer with less farmland who wants to keep the land in shape and produce some cash crops, but cannot manage to cultivate all the farmland intensively. Forty-four percent of the land is then used for vegetables and herbs, and 56% to produce mulch or green manure crops. Green manure and mulch leys must be cut regularly to control perennial weeds.
- Authors:
- Source: HGCA recommended list 2004/05 for cereals and oilseeds
- Year: 2004
- Summary: Descriptions are provided for cultivars of cereals (winter, late autumn and spring wheat, winter and spring barley, winter rye, winter triticale, and winter and spring oat) and oilseeds (winter and spring oilseed rape and spring linseed) recommended for cultivation in the UK in 2004/05.
- Authors:
- Sharma, R. D.
- Corrêa, J. C.
- Source: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
- Volume: 39
- Issue: 1
- Year: 2004
- Summary: An experiment was carried out on a heavy red yellow latosol to evaluate crop rotation on herbaceous cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum) yields in no-till system under rainfed Savannah conditions. The treatments were: soyabean-millet ( Pennisetum glaucum)-soyabean-millet-cotton; soyabean-amaranth ( Amaranthus hypochondriacus)-soyabean-forage radish-soyabean-cotton; soyabean-grain sorghum ( Sorghum vulgare [ S. bicolor])-soyabean-grain sorghum-cotton; soyabean-black rye ( Avena strigosa [ A. nuda])-soyabean-black rye-cotton and soyabean-soyabean-cotton. The highest cotton seed yield and best weed control were recorded in the sequence soyabean-millet-soyabean-millet-cotton.
- Authors:
- McRae, F. J.
- Francis, R. J.
- Dellow, J. J.
- Source: Weed control in winter crops 2004
- Year: 2004
- Summary: This publication is a guide to chemical weed control in fallows, wheat, barley, oats, cereal rye, triticale, rape, safflower, lentil, linseed, lupin, chickpea, faba bean and field pea in New South Wales, Australia.
- Authors:
- Source: Journal of Elementology
- Volume: 9
- Issue: 4(Supplement)
- Year: 2004
- Summary: Natural availability of potassium in Polish soils and its uptake by various crops are examined on a regional basis. Potassium requirements of the main agricultural crops (wheat, rye, barley, oats, triticale, maize, potato, sugar beet, oilseed rape and grass for haymaking) are considered in view of the element's content both in farmyard manure and in chemical fertilisers; their use and the overall balance of potassium available for plant uptake in individual regions are shown in maps.
- Authors:
- Source: HGCA recommended list 2004/05 for cereals and oilseeds
- Year: 2004
- Summary: Descriptions are provided for cultivars of cereals (winter, late autumn and spring wheat, winter and spring barley, winter rye, winter triticale, and winter and spring oat) and oilseeds (winter and spring oilseed rape and spring linseed) recommended for cultivation in the UK in 2004/05.
- Authors:
- Cadisch, G.
- Cook, H.
- Regar, A.
- Pihlatie, M.
- Stevenson, M.
- Baggs, E. M.
- Source: Plant and Soil
- Volume: 254
- Issue: 2
- Year: 2003
- Summary: Emissions of N2O were measured following combined applications of inorganic N fertiliser and crop residues to a silt loam soil in S. E. England, UK. Effects of cultivation technique and residue application on N2O emissions were examined over 2 years. N2O emissions were increased in the presence of residues and were further increased where NH4NO3 fertiliser (200 kg N ha(-1)) was applied. Large fluxes of N2O were measured from the zero till treatments after residue and fertiliser application, with 2.5 kg N2O- N ha(-1) measured over the first 23 days after application of fertiliser in combination with rye ( Secale cereale) residues under zero tillage. CO2 emissions were larger in the zero till than in the conventional till treatments. A significant tillage/residue interaction was found. Highest emissions were measured from the conventionally tilled bean ( Vicia faba) (1.0 kg N2O- N ha(-1) emitted over 65 days) and zero tilled rye (3.5 kg N2O-N ha(-1) over 65 days) treatments. This was attributed to rapid release of N following incorporation of bean residues in the conventionally tilled treatments, and availability of readily degradable C from the rye in the presence of anaerobic conditions under the mulch in the zero tilled treatments. Measurement of N-15-N2O emission following application of N-15-labelled fertiliser to microplots indicated that surface mulching of residues in zero till treatments resulted in a greater proportion of fertiliser N being lost as N2O than with incorporation of residues. Combined applications of N-15 fertiliser and bean residues resulted in higher or lower emissions, depending on cultivation technique, when compared with the sum of N2O from single applications. Such interactions have important implications for mitigation of N2O from agricultural soils.
- Authors:
- Kasha, K. J.
- Maluszynski, M.
- Forster, B. P.
- Szarejko, I.
- Source: Doubled haploid production in crop plants: a manual
- Year: 2003
- Summary: This manual presents a set of protocols for the production of doubled haploid plants in 22 major crops species including 4 tree species, and includes protocols from different germplasm of the same species. The crops covered include barley, wheat, maize, rice, triticale, rye, oats, durum wheat, timothy grass ( Phleum pratense), ryegrass ( Lolium), rape, broccoli, tobacco, potato, flax/linseed, sugarbeet, asparagus, onion, apple, poplar, cork oak ( Quercus suber), and citrus. All steps of doubled haploid production are detailed from donor plant growth conditions, through in vitro procedures, media composition and preparation, to regeneration of haploid plants and chromosome doubling methods. The practical protocols are supplemented with a list of published protocols for other crop plants, and separate chapters deal with major application of doubled haploids in breeding, mutant production, transgenesis, genetic mapping and genomics.
- Authors:
- McCaffery, D. W.
- McRae, F. J.
- Carpenter, D. J.
- Year: 2003
- Summary: This guide should assist in the selection of the most suitable variety for cultivation and aims to assist growers to make better cropping decisions. Information on variety selection, varietal characteristics and reaction to disease, crop injury guide and marketing are supplied for wheat, durum wheat, barley, oats, triticale, cereal rye, rape, chickpeas, faba beans, field pea ( Pisum sativum) and lupins. Additional material includes information on options for control of stored products pests, cereal seed dressings, industry information, and locations of district agronomists.
